Survey Zoroastrians: Online Religious Identification in the Islamic Republic of Iran

This article contributes to the internationalization of survey methodology by discussing a case from totalitarian state, Islamic Republic Iran. In 2020, GAMAAN (The Group for Measuring and Analyzing Attitudes in Iran) conducted an online on religion. The had 50,000 participants, around 90 percent whom lived discusses result that, after weighting, 8 identified as Zoroastrian—many times number Zoroastrians recorded scholarship Iranian Zoroastrianism. We dub this phenomenon “Survey Zoroastrianism” offer explanation finding. After describing position Zoroastrianism modern Iran adding two further surveys 2022, we discuss Survey Zoroastrians’ demographics their religious political views. analysis shows that participating beyond government's control provided affordances performing alternative identity aspirations tied notions nationalism civilizational heritage.